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Here is some info about familiar eye problems for which you may need prescription eyeglasses

Myopia – Short sightedness, near sightedness

Myopic people view fine up close, but not at a distance. Distant objects seem blurred, whilst close objects are in focus.

DESCRIPTION

The eye ball is longer than usual, making the eye "too powerful." The image is focused at a point ahead of the retina. The higher the degree of myopia, the shorter the distance at which the Shortsighted can visualize clearly.

SOLUTION

Myopia can be corrected with the use of a concave lens system which is thin in the center and thicker at the periphery. This type of lens system pushes the focus back onto the retina and restores good vision at any distance.

HYPEROPIA – Also known as long sightedness, far sightedness

Farsighted people visualize far better at a distance compared to close up. Even though distant objects are properly focused, the accommodation required to focus on close objects causes eyestrain.

DESCRIPTION

The eye ball is shorter than normal which means the eye is not powerful enough. The eye is said to be "too short" and the image is focused behind the retina.

SOLUTION

Hyperopia is corrected with the use of a convex lens system which is thinner at the periphery and thicker in the center. This type of lens brings the focus forward to the retina.

ASTIGMATISM

People with astigmatism have poor near and distant vision. They do not sense the contrasts between horizontal, vertical and diagonal lines in the same way as the rest of us.

Astigmatism is always accompanied by another visual impairment, such as Myopia, hyperopia and Presbyopia.

DESCRIPTION

Astigmatism is normally due to an irregularly-shaped cornea that is slightly oval, rather than round, and oblong as opposed to spherical.

SOLUTION

Astigmatism can be corrected using a cylindrical lens whose curvature offsets the corneal irregularity.